Cleaner Skies during the COVID-19 Lockdown
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract During spring 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused massive reductions in emissions from industry and ground airborne transportation. To explore resulting atmospheric composition changes, we conducted BLUESKY campaign with two research aircraft measured trace gases, aerosols, cloud properties boundary layer to lower stratosphere. From 16 May 9 June performed 20 flights early lockdown phase over Europe Atlantic Ocean. We found up 50% nitrogen dioxide concentrations urban areas GOME-2B satellite data, along carbon monoxide pollution hot spots. 20%–70% total reactive nitrogen, monoxide, fine mode aerosol concentration profiles German cities compared a 10-yr dataset passenger aircraft. The mass was significantly reduced below 5 km altitude, organic fraction also aloft, indicative of decreased precursor gas emissions. optical thickness perceptible shift sky color toward blue part spectrum (hence BLUESKY) increased shortwave radiation at surface. find that 80% decline air traffic led substantial oxides cruise altitudes, contrail cover, radiative forcing. light extinction depolarization by cirrus were regions substantially traffic. General circulation–chemistry model simulations indicate good agreement measurements when applying emission scenario. comprehensive documents major impact anthropogenic on composition.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1520-0477', '0003-0007']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-21-0012.1